Page 64 of 74
AN.—Aguttara Nikya in Warren's Buddhism in Translations.
Bf.—Burnouf, Introduction l'histoire du Bouddhisme Indien, Paris 1844.
Bgt.—The Life or Legend of Gautama, by the R. Rev. P. Bigandet.[Pg 269]
BL.—Buddhist Literature in China by Samuel Beal.
Bf.—Buddhaghosha's Parables. Translated by T. Rogers, London, 1870.
BSt.—Buddhist Birth Stories or Jtaka Tales. Translated by Rhys Davids.
C.—The Jtaka edited by Prof. E.B. Cowell, Cambridge.
CBS.—A Catena of Buddhist Scriptures from the Chinese by Samuel Beal. London, 1871.
ChD.—[Chinese Dhammapada.] Texts from the Buddhist Canon, commonly known as Dhammapada. Translated by S. Beal, London and Boston, 1878.
Dh.—The Dharma, or The Religion of Enlightenment by Paul Carus. 5th ed. Chicago, 1907.
DP.—The Dhammapada. Translated from Pli by F. Max Mller, Vol. X, Part I, of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford, 1881.
EA.—Explanatory Addition.
EH.—Handbook of Chinese Buddhism, by Ernest J. Eitel. London, 1888.
Fo.—The Fo-Sho-Hing-Tsan-King. A Life of Buddha by Asvaghosha, translated from Sanskrit into Chinese by Dharmarakhsha, A.D. 420, and from Chinese into English by Samuel Beal. Vol. XIX of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford, 1883.
G.—Reden Gotamo's by Karl Eugen Neumann.
HF.—Hymns of the Faith (Dhammapada) transl. by Albert J. Edmunds.
HM.—A Manual of Buddhism, by R. Spence Hardy.
LKG.—Die Legende von Kisgotam, by Jakob H. Thiessen. Breslau, 1880.
LV.—Lalita Vistara, translated into German by Dr. S. Lefmann. Berlin, 1874.
MPN.—The Mahparinibbna Suttanta. The Book of the Great Decease. Vol. XI of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford 1881.
MP.—The Mahvagga. I-IV in Vol. XIII; V-X in Vol. XVII of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford, 1881-1882.
MY.—Outlines of the Mahyna as Taught by Buddha, by S. Kuroda. Tokyo, Japan, 1893.
OC.—The Open Court, a monthly magazine, published by the Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago.
OldG.—German Edition, Buddha, sein Leben, seine Lehre und seine Gemeinde, by H. Oldenberg. Second Edition. Berlin, 1890.
OldE.—English translation, Buddha, His Life, His Doctrine, and His Order by H. Oldenberg. London, 1882.
PT.—Pantschatantra, translated into German by Theodor Benfey. Two vols. Leipsic, 1859.
QKM.—The Questions of King Milinda, translated from Pli by T.W. Rhys Davids, Vol. XXXV of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford, 1890.
RB.-The Life of the Buddha from Thibetan Works, transl. by W.W. Rockhill. London, 1884.[Pg 270]
rGya.—rGya Tchee Roll Pa, Histoire du Bouddha Sakya Mouni, by Foucaux. Paris, 1868.
RHB.—The Romantic History of Buddha from the Chinese Sanskrit, by S. Beal. London, 1875.
RhDB.—Buddhism, by T.W. Rhys Davids, in the Series of Non-Christian Religious Systems. London, 1890.
S42S.—Sutra of Forty-two Sections. Kyoto, Japan.
SB.-Sacred Books of the East.
SN.—Sutta Nipta, translated from the Pli by V. Fausbll. Part II, Vol. X of the Sacred Books of the East. Oxford, 1881.
SS.—A Brief Account of Shin-Shiu by R. Akamatsu. Kyoto, Japan, 1893.
SSP.—Sept Suttas Plis by M.P. Grimblot. Paris, 1876.
TPN.—Buddhistische Anthologie. Texte aus dem Pli-Kanon. By Dr. Karl Eugen Neumann. Leyden, 1892.
Ug.—Uttardhyayana, translated by H. Jacobi. Vol. XLV of the Sacred Books of the East.
US.—The Udna by Major General D.M. Strong.
V.—Visuddhi-Magga in Warren's Buddhism in Translations.
W.—Buddhism in Translations by Henry Clarke Warren.
The original Pli texts are published in the Journal of the Pli Text Society, London, Henry Frowde.
[In the text of the present booklet all unnecessary terms have been avoided. Whenever a good English equivalent could be found, the foreign expression has been dropped. Nevertheless, the introduction not only of many foreign-sounding names, but also of some of the original terms, was unavoidable.
Now we have to state that the Eastern people, at least those of Hindu culture during the golden age of Buddhism in India, adopted the habit of translating not only terms but also names. A German whose name is Schmied is not called Smith in English, but Buddhists, when translating from Pli into Sanskrit, change Siddhattha into Siddhartha. The reason of this strange custom lies in the fact that Buddhists originally employed the popular speech and did not adopt the use of Sanskrit until about five hundred years after Buddha. Since the most important names and terms, such as Nirvna, Karma and Dharma, have become familiar to us in their Sanskrit form, while their Pali equivalents, Nibbna, Kamma and Dhamma, are little used, it appeared advisable to prefer for some terms the Sanskrit forms, but there are instances in which the Pli, for some reason or other, has been preferred by English authors [e. g. Krish Gautam is always called Kisgotam], we present here in the Glossary both the Sanskrit and the Pli forms.
Names which have been Anglicised, such as "Brahm, Brahman, Benares, Jain, and karma," have been preserved in their accepted form. If we adopt the rule of transferring Sanskrit and Pali words in their stem-form, as we do in most cases (e.g. Nirvna, tman), we ought to call[Pg 272] Brahm "Brahman," and karma "karman." But us us est tyrannus. In a popular book it is not wise to swim against the stream.
Following the common English usage of saying "Christ," not "the Christ," we say in the title "Buddha," not "the Buddha."]
Abni', p., Abhi'j, skt., supernatural talent. There are six abhijs which Buddha acquired when attaining perfect enlightenment:—(i) the celestial eye, or an intuitive insight of the nature of any object in any universe; (2) the celestial ear, or the ability to understand any sound produced in any universe; (3) the power of assuming any shape or form; (4) knowledge of all forms of pre-existence of one's self and others; (5) intuitive knowledge of the minds of all beings; and (6) knowledge of the finality of the stream of life.—175, 176.
Acira'vat, p. and skt., a river.—96.
Agni, p. and skt., a god of the Brahmans, the god of fire.—49.
Ajatasa'ttu, p., Ajatasa'tru, skt., the son of king Bimbisra and his successor to the throne of Magadha.—110-112, 219.
Al'ra, p., r'da, skt., a prominent Brahman philosopher. His full name is lra Klma.—29, 239.
